Liquid suitable as a solvent and as a combustible for internal-combustion engines and process of making the same.



1o; ombustible Liquid for Workin sin'rns n rnn r WILLIAM OPPENHEIMER, or EWEL-L, ENGLAND.

LIQUID SlJlIABLE AS A SOLVENT AND 'AS. A comsusflsi's FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTIDN izuemrs AND PROCESS OF MAKINIGYTHESAME. 1

' specifioatidn of Letters Patent.

Patented ct.-2, 1906.

Application filed April 22, 1904; Serial lie 204,363.

ain and Ireland, residing at Ewell, in the.

ost-

county of Surrey, England, (whose ofi'ice address is Ewell Castle, Surrey, nglandlg) have invented a-certain new and useful rocess for the Manufacture of aNew gpirituous Fluid Suitable as a Solvent and a Internal- Combustion Engmes, (for which have a plied for a patent in Great Britain on t e th of-February, 1904; in Germany on the 29th of February, 1904; in Austria on the 5 29th of February, 1904; in Belgium 'on'the 5th of March, 1904 in Hungary on the 7th of March, 1904, and in France on the "7th of March, 1904,) of which-the following is a specification.'

20- The materials usually m loyed for car- 'b'ureting water-gas are by ocarbons .de-

. rived from petroleum, and the usual method.

' consists in exposing the atomized hydrocarbone to a high temperature involving chem-. 5 ical changes in their composition. The heavier particles of the carbureting'mixture' treated as described'which are ca able of condensation are: condensedon coo g and urifying and formwhat is lmown aswa te r- 0 gas tar, while thegasified constltuents of the carbureting -medium remain mixed with I thewater-gas; I-l ithertowater-gastarhasnot found a suita ly-remunerative ap lication, instead of which'it constitutes a rat er trou- 3 5 blesome by-product, partly because owing to the water contained inthe same it cannot be .distilled without strong ebullition'and'violent shocks, which renders the distillation in retorts impracticable. In consequence of 40 these defects only moderate uantities of wa- "ter-gas' .tarhave hitherto feen converted into pitch bly heating itin large open receptacles and a owing the volatile products to escape. In the absence of a better method of utilization it is employed also asa fuel. t I have discovered that a highlyvaluable product suitable as a solventor vehicle for many; substancesand for other industrial purposes: may be. obtainedffrom water-gas 5o tar, which product; no longer resembles the .r know-n 'etroileurridist1llates as regards its f 'propertles, butfbbhstitrrts a: erfectly new material which=.-'is" netydirect y obtainable the recipitate.

jected to distillation.

tar hitherto worked up for industrial purposes. I

For obtaining the "new product from watergas tar the latter is'first deli 'drated, preferably'by the process describe in my applicaatedtion for patent. Serial No.- 171,012,

August 27., 1903., and which consists in abstracting the water from the tar by mixing it with substances, such as caustic hme or burnt gypsum, which chemically combine with water, then allowing the mixture to stand, and y separatin the tar from Subsequent y the tar may be lstilled in retorts without danger. For this p ose an ordinary retort-still with a. hood an condensing-coil may be used, which latter is referably mounted in 'a' tank filled with cold ably continued until the residue consists of pitch only, and the crude distillate constitheir mechanical tutes the raw material from which the desired'product ma be separated; For this pur ose-the dist ate is treated'by agitation wit acid, referably sulfuric acid. Subsequently a er having been decanted from the acid which has subsided to the bottom, it is treated with alkali, and the product sub- The quantity of sulfuric acid Which should be added to the'crude distillate, as mentioned above, is ascertained by a reliminary ex-' eriment with a sample of e crude distilate -that is to say, anexpermient or a series water. The distillation'ispreferof experimentskls made to ascertain what quantity of acid is required to insure that after treatmentof the sample with'theacid and subse?uent treatment with concentrated 'solutiono sodium carbonate the distillation of the sample 'elds at first a perfectly. clear and colorless istill'ate. In most cases-it is sufiicient to use a quantity 9f sulfuric acid 'equal'in weight to about one and one-half per cent. of the we' ht of the crude, distillate. The acid is'care 1y mixed with the distillate by stirring for about half an hour, after which the product isallowed to settle. I Subsequentl the liqliid lying over the acid situated at t e bottom "of the receptacleis drawn ofl into another race ,tacle, an excess of concentrate'd solutioii ,o sodium carbonate (or of caustic soda) Jen-added, the -mixture 1s IOO . stii'r'ed, then allowed to settle, and the so-' diam-carbonate .;sol ution,'. settled at the bottom is ofi". The liqu d drawn ta is now distilled: .What passes over first (first runnings) is a perfectly clear and colorless distillate amounting'to from ten to fiftper cent. of the liquid, according to the qua 5 May of the crude'gas-tar'usedfas a raw material, andis separately collected. Assoon as the distillate passes over with yellowish color and oily consistency it is conducted to anthedifferentyarieties ofi'benzin' orpetroleum possess, as is wellknown, s ecificigravitiesvaryingzjbetween 9.662 an 0.750. As 3e ardsits solvent ower; the new'product 1 leum distillat'es dissolving as it does,' 'many substances which arevnot dissolved by: the latter: It i'sxfi'ee oralmost' free from sulfur and phenols, its boiling-temperature is" ap yrommatelvbetween 100 and 2/i0f'0611l)i-'- rade,'and it contains toluene, ortho, nieta and lparafxylene;.mesitylene, and a trace of naphthalene; but the Bulk vof'it consists of hydrocarbons the chemical nature of; which hasnot yetbeenelucidated; In comparison with other'petroleum.s%iritsit ssesses the -important advantage t at its asli- ,oint'is considerably higher ;being,about-79 alt-em Tiler-new product is eminently'suitable for ers also' rnaterial y from-the known petro- 'water=gas tar-by the rocess'de'scribedi the manufacture of varnish and coloringmatters', also in the textile trades-for instance, for-cleaning wool; as a-solvent for .india-rubber, gum, resin, and other materials, and as a combustible liquid forworking internal-combustion engines.

. What I claim is 1. The process for obta from-watergas tar a s irituousfiuid suitab e as'a solvent 7 and for 0t erindustrial p oses, which con- ,sists in subjecting the dehy ated tar to dis -tillation until only. itch remains, condensing the vapors distille .ofl, treating the distillate with an acid and subsequently with an alkali,

subjecting the product" to distillation and'the .resultin -vapors to condensation, andlwhenthe distillate tends to. become yellow and oily, collecting What follows (viz: the second in?nings) in a receiverseparateb froni'the co orless firstrunnings', then treating the s'ec*. -ondrunningls again with-acid; then:with alkali, and su jecting the resulting roduct to tillation andcondensation; su stantiallyas 'described;

2. As anew article of manufacture, a clear {witness and combustible liquid having. a

specific gravity between. 0.820 vand 03900, a boiling-point between "and240 and a 70.

flashing-- temperature 'of' about- 79 Fahrenheit, the said liquid bei amixture'ofliydi'm carbons free ors almost ee frornsulfur; free from; phenols, capable of dissolving -mdia rubber; gum and resin andobtainable from 7 5 In witness whereof have signedhis-s ec fication inthe 'presence of two: subscrl ing witnesses. v

W IELIAM- OBBENHEI1&ER. I presenc'e*ofi 1 H; D: JAMEsoN,

-F.' L. RAND. 

